国内工程最常选用土工膜及土工布规格
工程建设中最常见高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)土工膜、无纺土工布和针刺膨润土防水毯。包括2mm厚HDPE光面土工膜(GMS)、2mm厚HDPE单GMT、长纤针刺无纺土工布(面质量为300g/m2)和针刺膨润土防水毯(面质量为5kg/m2)。
针刺膨润土(tu)防水毯的厚度(du)为6mm，线质量为5kg/mm，剥(bo)离强(qiang)度(du)为11.4N/cm，膨胀系(xi)数(shu)为12.5mL/g，拉伸(shen)强(qiang)度(du)为156N/cm，法向渗透(tou)参数(shu)为4.32×10-9cm/s；GT的厚度(du)为5.5cm，线质量为300g/mm，拉伸(shen)强(qiang)度(du)为40kN/m，伸(shen)长率(lv)为75%，撕裂(lie)强(qiang)力为1.1kN，刺破强(qiang)度(du)为7.9kN。
土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)(he)成(cheng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)分(fen)为四(si)大类(lei)，其一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)膜(mo)；其二(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；其三是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)复(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)；其四(si)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)特种(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。而就(jiu)当下我国水运工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建设来(lai)说，对(dui)(dui)于土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)(he)成(cheng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)应(ying)用(yong)最(zui)为广(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)种(zhong)类(lei)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)膜(mo)以(yi)及(ji)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)和土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)复(fu)合(he)(he)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。对(dui)(dui)其进行广(guang)泛应(ying)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)原因就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)自(zi)身还有(you)着良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)加固作用(yong)以(yi)及(ji)防渗(shen)作用(yong)，而土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)分(fen)为两(liang)大类(lei)，其一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)纺土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)；其二(er)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)无(wu)纺土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，然而在实际水库(ku)大坝建设过程(cheng)中对(dui)(dui)于无(wu)纺土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)应(ying)用(yong)最(zui)为广(guang)泛。这种(zhong)无(wu)纺土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)自(zi)身有(you)着一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)排水性能(neng)和渗(shen)透性能(neng)，故而当今无(wu)纺土(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)织(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)已经成(cheng)为了(le)我国大坝修建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要配水反(fan)滤材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)之一(yi)。
土(tu)工(gong)(gong)膜在当(dang)下我国工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)应(ying)用最为(wei)广泛，因为(wei)这种(zhong)织物具有着良好(hao)的反渗(shen)性能(neng)，这种(zhong)材料价格(ge)与其(qi)他材料相比价格(ge)更为(wei)便(bian)宜。但是(shi)，这种(zhong)土(tu)工(gong)(gong)膜却不适用于水运工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)当(dang)中的重要部(bu)位。
土工复合材料是有两种以上产品所组合而成的，因此土工复合材料的品种也较为繁多。另外由于不同的组合之间优势有着一定的差异性，因此组合之后的新产品自身所具备的功能也存在着一定的不同。故而，这种复合型的土工材料具备良好的排水效果，所以土工复合材料更加适用于各种防渗工程。
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