轻松解读：土工膜在不同垫层下的结合度随压强的变化！

不同垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料下土工膜(mo)(mo)面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)随(sui)压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)规(gui)律，相(xiang)同垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料时(shi)(shi)，随(sui)着压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加，土工膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)呈(cheng)(cheng)先增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大后逐(zhu)渐稳定的(de)(de)(de)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)特征，当(dang)采用(yong)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)时(shi)(shi)，压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)在(zai)0.7～1MPa逐(zhu)渐增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大，压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)超过(guo)1MPa后，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)不再(zai)随(sui)压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)，保持(chi)稳定状态；当(dang)采用(yong)25mm卵(luan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)时(shi)(shi)，在(zai)0.7～1.2MPa压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)下，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)呈(cheng)(cheng)逐(zhu)渐增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)趋势(shi)，当(dang)压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)超过(guo)1.2MPa后，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)不再(zai)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大；当(dang)采用(yong)25mm球状垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)时(shi)(shi)，当(dang)压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)为0.7～1.3MPa时(shi)(shi)，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)逐(zhu)渐增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大，当(dang)压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)超过(guo)1.3MPa后，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)不再(zai)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大。在(zai)较低压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)下（＜１.1MPa）时(shi)(shi)，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)大小(xiao)排(pai)序(xu)为：5～10mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)玄武岩(yan)(yan)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)＜１０～2０mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)玄武岩(yan)(yan)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)＜25mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)玻璃(li)球状垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)＜2０～25mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)卵(luan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)；在(zai)较高压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)下（＞１.1MPa）时(shi)(shi)，面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)大小(xiao)排(pai)序(xu)为：5～１０mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)玄武岩(yan)(yan)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)＜１０～2０mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)玄武岩(yan)(yan)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)＜2０～25mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)卵(luan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)＜25mm粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)玻璃(li)球状垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)；相(xiang)同压(ya)(ya)(ya)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)下，土工膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)面(mian)积(ji)(ji)(ji)应(ying)变(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)随(sui)着垫(dian)(dian)(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料粒(li)(li)径(jing)(jing)(jing)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大而增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)大。

不同垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料下土工(gong)(gong)膜与垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)料结合(he)度随压(ya)(ya)强变(bian)化。在(zai)水压(ya)(ya)力作用下，土工(gong)(gong)膜会向孔(kong)隙(xi)内(nei)凹陷，当顶胀变(bian)形触底贴(tie)近垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)后，变(bian)形就不再(zai)继续(xu)，贴(tie)合(he)度大小反映了土工(gong)(gong)膜与垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)材(cai)(cai)料之(zhi)间的(de)孔(kong)隙(xi)间隙(xi)大小，贴(tie)合(he)度越(yue)小，表示(shi)两者越(yue)紧密，土工(gong)(gong)膜受垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)凸(tu)出的(de)影响将越(yue)大。

相同垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)材料(liao)下(xia)，随着压强(qiang)的(de)增大(da)，贴(tie)合度(du)(du)呈逐渐减小的(de)变化特(te)征(zheng)，且(qie)在低压强(qiang)时，贴(tie)合度(du)(du)下(xia)降较快，当压强(qiang)增加到某一阈(yu)值后，贴(tie)合度(du)(du)将处于稳定状(zhuang)(zhuang)态(tai)；相同压强(qiang)下(xia)，25mm球状(zhuang)(zhuang)垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)贴(tie)合度(du)(du)最大(da)，其次为2０～25mm卵石(shi)垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，再次为10～2０mm碎石(shi)垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，5～１０mm碎石(shi)垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)下(xia)的(de)贴(tie)合度(du)(du)最小，这(zhei)说明粒径(jing)越小，土(tu)工(gong)膜发生顶胀破坏(huai)的(de)风(feng)险越大(da)，当水压力(li)较大(da)时，25mm球状(zhuang)(zhuang)垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)和(he)2０～25mm卵石(shi)垫(dian)层(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)两(liang)者的(de)贴(tie)合度(du)(du)十(shi)分接近。