细节决定成败！土工格栅为你的建筑工程保驾护航！

土工(gong)格(ge)栅是当前水利、建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)中应(ying)用日(ri)益广泛的新型材(cai)料，常见的土工(gong)格(ge)栅属于二维网状或(huo)三维立体塑料屏栅，一般由聚(ju)氯乙烯(xi)或(huo)聚(ju)丙烯(xi)高分子(zi)聚(ju)合物模压或(huo)热塑而成，具备(bei)良好的应(ying)力分散及(ji)加筋(jin)补强作(zuo)用。

1 作用机理

具体(ti)(ti)而言，土(tu)(tu)工(gong)格(ge)栅(zha)抗拉(la)强度大(da)、延伸率低，能与所加固土(tu)(tu)基共(gong)同构(gou)(gou)(gou)成有机整体(ti)(ti)，产生板体(ti)(ti)效(xiao)(xiao)应(ying)，使土(tu)(tu)体(ti)(ti)结(jie)(jie)构(gou)(gou)(gou)不均匀沉降降低。这一独特(te)的效(xiao)(xiao)果主(zhu)要取决于土(tu)(tu)工(gong)格(ge)栅(zha)特(te)殊的制造工(gong)艺和结(jie)(jie)构(gou)(gou)(gou)特(te)性(xing)，聚合物长链碳氢分(fen)子顺拉(la)伸方向按(an)照(zhao)线(xian)性(xing)排(pai)列，从而达到加固补强效(xiao)(xiao)果。与此同时(shi)，土(tu)(tu)工(gong)格(ge)栅(zha)结(jie)(jie)构(gou)(gou)(gou)由于自身抗拉(la)强度大(da)，格(ge)栅(zha)对孔(kong)可有效(xiao)(xiao)嵌锁(suo)土(tu)(tu)基，约(yue)束(shu)土(tu)(tu)体(ti)(ti)横向位(wei)移，受(shou)到土(tu)(tu)体(ti)(ti)摩(mo)擦和反作用力使格(ge)栅(zha)抗拉(la)拔及(ji)抗剪(jian)力大(da)大(da)增强，能承受(shou)永久(jiu)变形及(ji)疲劳破坏。

2.物理力学性能

结(jie)合设(she)计要求，该(gai)湖闸左岸填土(tu)中采用(yong)肋(lei)条为(wei)聚丙烯合成材料的 TL50-50 型土(tu)工格栅，该(gai)格栅采用(yong)纵横交接(jie)网(wang)状结(jie)构(gou)，设(she)计幅宽2 m，经纬向抗拉强(qiang)度(du)均不小于50 kN/m，极(ji)限伸(shen)长率在 10%以下，各项性能均满足《土(tu)工合成材料塑料土(tu)工格栅》要求。

3.单(dan)向土工(gong)格栅进占

对于一般河(he)道(dao)治(zhi)理工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)而言，主要采用(yong)单(dan)向(xiang)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)进(jin)占(zhan)(zhan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)艺，即(ji)采用(yong)单(dan)向(xiang)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)形式将数十个编织袋包裹(guo)好，构成土(tu)(tu)枕后进(jin)展坝(ba)垛，单(dan)向(xiang)格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)可沿具体受力方向(xiang)与常规(gui)草土(tu)(tu)卷埽(sao)为验证施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案设计参数的(de)准(zhun)确，在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)现场(chang)展开的(de)进(jin)占(zhan)(zhan)试验表明，在进(jin)行单(dan)向(xiang)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)机械抛投(tou)进(jin)占(zhan)(zhan)的(de)过程(cheng)中(zhong)，很容(rong)易(yi)因格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)肋(lei)条(tiao)受力不均而发生断裂。为确保施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)过程(cheng)的(de)安全性及施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)质(zhi)量，提升进(jin)占(zhan)(zhan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)效率，可改(gai)用(yong)双层单(dan)向(xiang)格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)土(tu)(tu)袋包裹(guo)法以有(you)效应对格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)肋(lei)条(tiao)断裂问题，但是调整后的(de)方案格(ge)(ge)栅(zha)材(cai)料(liao)用(yong)量大，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)投(tou)资随之增大。

4.双向土工(gong)格栅进占

针对以上单向(xiang)土工(gong)(gong)格(ge)栅(zha)(zha)进占(zhan)施工(gong)(gong)过(guo)程中所面临的问题(ti)及改(gai)进方案(an)的劣势，在河(he)道治理过(guo)程中可(ke)采用(yong)双向(xiang)土工(gong)(gong)格(ge)栅(zha)(zha)进展(zhan)施工(gong)(gong)方案(an)，由于格(ge)栅(zha)(zha)为(wei)双向(xiang)受力结构，格(ge)栅(zha)(zha)肋条断(duan)裂的概率大(da)大(da)降低。但是通过(guo)推土机平推施工(gong)(gong)时，格(ge)栅(zha)(zha)材料很容易遭到前铲的破(po)坏，在较大(da)地面摩(mo)擦力的作(zuo)用(yong)下发生局部断(duan)裂。