天然膨润土防水毯作为防渗的关键材料具有哪些优势？

钠(na)(na)基(ji)膨(peng)(peng)润(run)土(tu)(tu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水毯是(shi)一种(zhong)天然(ran)的(de)(de)无(wu)(wu)(wu)机材料，也是(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)的(de)(de)关键材料)，由(you)两(liang)层(ceng)或(huo)多层(ceng)纺(fang)织(zhi)或(huo)无(wu)(wu)(wu)纺(fang)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)布之间密封(feng)的(de)(de)钠(na)(na)基(ji)膨(peng)(peng)润(run)土(tu)(tu)。其主(zhu)要性(xing)能(neng)优(you)势包括：1)绿色环保，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)效果好(hao)：对人体无(wu)(wu)(wu)毒无(wu)(wu)(wu)害，对环境无(wu)(wu)(wu)特殊影(ying)响，物理化学性(xing)能(neng)好(hao)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)老化或(huo)腐蚀现象，耐渗(shen)持久；2)耐低温(wen)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)潮：可在寒冷冬(dong)季施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，也可直接在潮湿基(ji)层(ceng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)；3)可为植物根系(xi)穿刺(ci)和复合(he)，密度好(hao)：在植物根系(xi)穿刺(ci)中(zhong)仍能(neng)保证良好(hao)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)效果。4)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)简单：无(wu)(wu)(wu)需(xu)焊接，直接搭接处(chu)(chu)理，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)遇到的(de)(de)复杂节点易于(yu)(yu)处(chu)(chu)理。5)耐久性(xing)好(hao)，成(cheng)(cheng)本低:与(yu)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)膜相比，虽然(ran)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)膜的(de)(de)单价低于(yu)(yu)钠(na)(na)膨(peng)(peng)润(run)土(tu)(tu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水毯，但其施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)复杂，对基(ji)面要求高，材料使用寿命短，抗沉降(jiang)能(neng)力差(cha)。一旦出现破损，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)效果会(hui)迅速下降(jiang)，几(ji)年后(hou)需(xu)要重(zhong)做(zuo)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)渗(shen)，带来更(geng)高的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)本；与(yu)粘(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)(tu)相比，由(you)于(yu)(yu)粘(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)(tu)资源(yuan)开(kai)采有限，运输成(cheng)(cheng)本高，一车粘(zhan)(zhan)土(tu)(tu)铺设面积仅为40m2左右，同等(deng)重(zhong)量的(de)(de)钠(na)(na)基(ji)膨(peng)(peng)润(run)土(tu)(tu)具有抗性(xing)。

防(fang)(fang)水毯可铺设(she)(she)(she)面积(ji)约7000m2，运输(shu)距离和(he)分层滚动施工技(ji)(ji)术(shu)，将带来更高的(de)成本。有鉴于(yu)此(ci)，钠基膨(peng)润土(tu)防(fang)(fang)水毯广(guang)泛(fan)应用(yong)(yong)于(yu)海绵城市建(jian)设(she)(she)(she)、河流(liu)和(he)湖(hu)泊生态治理、生态保护和(he)恢复、市政建(jian)设(she)(she)(she)和(he)住房建(jian)设(she)(she)(she)工程、矿山工程、交通工程等领(ling)域(yu)。然而，我国(guo)对(dui)钠基膨(peng)润土(tu)防(fang)(fang)水毯工程的(de)应用(yong)(yong)没有技(ji)(ji)术(shu)规范(fan)，使得这类材料(liao)的(de)生产、设(she)(she)(she)计、施工和(he)验收缺乏依(yi)据。因此(ci)，制(zhi)定钠基膨(peng)润土(tu)防(fang)(fang)水毯的(de)应用(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)术(shu)程序(xu)，规范(fan)其应用(yong)(yong)是(shi)非常迫切(qie)和(he)必要的(de)。